Nature has magic in it. There are thousands of trees and plants which are grown naturally in the nature and which has their own characteristics. Every plant has different uses. Many plants which are grown naturally are used in medicines and other things. There are rarest trees, and flowers are in world. But there is
also a rarest plant, which is endangered now.
Pennantia Baylisiana is a critically endangered species of plant in the Pennantiaceae family (Icacinaceae in older classifications). It is endemic to the Great Island (Manawa Tawhi), Three Kings Islands, and New Zealand, where only one plant is known to exist. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Pennantia Baylisiana was once listed as one of the world’s rarest plants by The Guinness Book of Records. The single tree known in the wild grows on a scree slope on the northern face of Great Island in the Three Kings group off Cape Reinga, New Zealand. It was discovered during a hunting exercise to rid the islands of goats. Professor Geoff Baylis of the University of Otago found both it in 1945.
Pennantia Baylisiana is a shrubby, multi-trunked tree with a broad crown, unlike the three other species. It grows to a height of 5 m in the wild, though has been recorded reaching 8 m in cultivation. It has pale greyish-brown bark and branchlets that are covered with lenticels.It has leathery, green, egg-shaped alternate leaves around 12–16 by 7–10 cm. Adult leaves have smooth margins but young leaves are toothed. The leaves are large and flat in shade-grown plants, up to 20 by 10 cm, but notably curled alongj their sides.
Flowering occurs from India October to November, producing 1.5 mm greenish-white flowers in panicles with 2.6 mm petals. Flowers usually arise on woody branches, though some are terminal. The stamen is made up of a 1–1.4 mm long anther on top of a 1.5 mm long filament, though the pollen is usually sterile. It has a 2.8 by 2 mm cylindrical ovary with a stigmatic ring 1.5–1.8 mm inj diameter. Fruiting is from January through to April in cultivated plants yielding 10 by 4.5 mm ellipsoid fruit.
It is only found in the wild on Three Kings Islands, an island chain 55 kilometres north-west of the top of the North Island, on Great Island. There is only one tree known in the wild; a female growing above a cliff on the northern face of Great Island. This tree has been called “the loneliest tree”.
This species is threatened by habitat loss. The one tree remaining in the wild at Three Kings Island is at significant risk from storm damage, droughts and senesence. In the late 1980s, fruit was found for the first time on the one tree remaining in the wild, indicating that on occasion viable pollen was produced and self-fertilisation could occur, a rare occurrence in dioecious plants.
This tree was previously recognised by The Guinness Book of World Records as the rarest tree in the world.