Apotemnophilia, also known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), is a rare psychological condition in which an individual experiences a strong desire to amputate a healthy limb or be disabled in some way. The term “apotemnophilia” is derived from the Greek words “apotome,” meaning amputation, and “philia,” meaning love or attraction.
It’s important to note that Apotemnophilia is not considered a mainstream or widely recognised disorder within the field of psychology or psychiatry. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which is the standard classification of mental disorders used by mental health professionals, does not include Apotemnophilia as a distinct diagnosis. However, the condition is often discussed and researched within the context of Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID).
People with Apotemnophilia typically experience a deep-seated desire to have a specific limb or multiple limbs amputated. They may fantasise about the amputation or may engage in behaviours aimed at simulating the loss of a limb, such as using crutches or pretending to be an amputee. Some individuals may actively seek out surgeons who are willing to amputate their desired limb(s), while others may resort to self-amputation or intentionally causing injury to the desired limb.
The exact cause of Apotemnophilia is not well understood. Some theories suggest that it may arise from a mismatch between an individual’s body image and their perceived body identity. Psychological factors, such as a desire for a specific body image or a need for personal transformation, may contribute to the development of this condition. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the underlying causes.
It’s worth noting that ethical concerns surround the amputation of healthy limbs for individuals with Apotemnophilia. The medical community generally regards the amputation of healthy limbs as unethical and does not support such procedures. Mental health professionals primarily focus on providing support and therapy to individuals with Apotemnophilia, aiming to help them cope with their desires and find alternative ways to manage their condition without resorting to self-harm or amputation.