Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health disorder characterised by a preoccupation with one or more perceived defects in appearance that are not observable to others or are only slight. People with BDD may spend hours each day worrying about their appearance, and may engage in repetitive behaviors, such as mirror checking, skin picking, or excessive grooming, in an attempt to hide or fix their perceived flaws. BDD can cause significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, and personal functioning.
Some common examples of perceived flaws in people with BDD include:
*The size or shape of their nose
*The size or shape of their ears
*The size or shape of their lips
*The colour of their skin
*The amount of hair on their body
*The size or shape of their muscles
In some cases, people with BDD may have a delusional belief that they have a physical defect that is not actually present. This is known as delusional BDD.
The exact cause of BDD is unknown, but it is thought to be due to a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. People with BDD often have a family history of anxiety disorders or depression. They may also have experienced trauma or abuse in childhood.
BDD is a serious mental illness that can have a significant impact on a person’s life. Treatment for BDD typically involves a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Psychotherapy can help people with BDD to challenge their negative thoughts about their appearance and develop more realistic body image. Medication can help to reduce anxiety and depression, which can often worsen the symptoms of BDD.